Kaliningrad, known as Königsberg until 1946, is the largest city and administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, an exclave of Russia between Lithuania and Poland, 663 kilometres (412 mi) west of the bulk of Russia on the Pregolya River, at the head of the Vistula Lagoon, and the only ice-free Russian port on the Baltic Sea. Its population in 2020 was 489,359. Kaliningrad is the second-largest city in the Northwestern Federal District, after Saint Petersburg, the third-largest city in the Baltic region, and the seventh-largest city on the Baltic Sea.
Along the thin strip of beach and woodland known as the Vistula Spit which marks the northernmost demarcation between Poland and..