Facing rising antisemitism, ‘Hebrew Catholic’ association aims to bridge Judaism, Catholicism

Many “Hebrew Catholics” continue to practice aspects of their Judaism; they continue to eat the Passover Seder (pictured here) with their families and friends. / Credit: RadRafe~commonswiki, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons

St. Louis, Mo., Apr 17, 2025 / 10:54 am (CNA).

Raised in a conservative Jewish household in New York, David Moss had his bar mitzvah at age 13. In his heart, though, he had lost his faith in Judaism.

What followed was a 23-year period of searching for religious truth and life’s meaning, culminating in a dramatic mystical conversion experience that led Moss to embrace the Catholic faith in 1979.

Despite being a happy and committed Catholic today, Moss, 83, has not left his Jewish identity and heritage behind. He is the longtime president of the Association of Hebrew Catholics (AHC), a St. Louis-based group that seeks to provide a welcoming place for Jewish converts to Catholicism and encourage them to preserve their Jewish identity.

When he entered the Church in the 1970s, “I still had a ton to learn. I knew very little … especially how [Catholicism] connected to my Jewish origins. The going narrative was that my Judaism was finished, over,” Moss told CNA.

Amid his own reading and research, Moss encountered Father Elias Friedman, a Carmelite friar and founder of the AHC, who he says helped him to understand that rather than obliterating his Jewish identity, “Catholicism is Judaism in its developed, fulfilled form.”

“It’s like a child that becomes an adult. The adult doesn’t replace the child. The adult and the child are one reality. They’re just the different phases of their existence,” Moss said of his understanding of the relationship between Catholicism and Judaism.

David Moss is president of the Association of Hebrew Catholics, an organization that seeks to provide a welcoming place for Jewish converts to Catholicism and encourage them to preserve their Jewish identity. Credit: "The Journey Home"/EWTN screenshot

The AHC isn’t an official organ of the Church, but its ministry mirrors that of the St. James Vicariate, an association for Hebrew Catholics in the Holy Land that was founded in 1955 and is within the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem, serving about a thousand Catholic faithful living in Israel who are immersed in a Hebrew cultural and linguistic environment.

After Moss took over as president of the AHC in 1993, he would often invite his Catholic friends to celebrate the Passover Seder with him and his family in his home, even once hosting Cardinal Raymond Burke, then the archbishop of St. Louis.

Moss said many “Hebrew Catholics” continue to practice aspects of their Judaism; they continue to eat the Passover Seder with their families and friends, observe Shabbat (the Sabbath), and some even continue to visit the synagogue, the place of Jewish communal prayer and learning. 

“There’s nothing that we do that’s in violation of anything Catholic,” he stressed. “To me, [continuing to observe the traditions of Judaism] just makes Catholicism even greater, because it’s all part of God’s plan.”

“None of the documents talk about what Jews can or can’t do as Catholics,” he continued. 

“So, while we’re waiting for the theologians to work all that out, we’re working it out on the ground, and we try to make sure that anything we do doesn’t go against any established Catholic doctrine or discipline,” he explained.

*The Church and Judaism*

The Catholic Church has, especially since the Second Vatican Council in the 1960s, taught the importance of the common spiritual heritage of Jews and Christians, and condemned any attempt to implicate the entire Jewish people in the death of Jesus. 

Moreover, the Church has reaffirmed that despite Christ’s New Covenant being the fulfillment of the Jewish Old Covenant, the Old Covenant has never been revoked (Catechism of the Catholic Church, No. 121) and the Jews remain God’s chosen people.

Chief among the Church’s teachings regarding Judaism is Nostra Aetate, written by St. Paul VI in 1965, which addressed the Church’s stance toward all non-Christian religions. In paragraph 4, the document acknowledges the “great … spiritual patrimony common to Christians and Jews,” recommending a stance of “mutual understanding and respect which is the fruit, above all, of biblical and theological studies as well as of fraternal dialogues.”

Nostra Aetate also strongly articulates the Church’s condemnation of hatred and violence against Jews and Judaism, noting that the Jewish people as a whole are not to be held responsible for Christ’s death and decrying all “hatred, persecutions, displays of antisemitism, directed against Jews at any time and by anyone.”

Later on, in 1985, the Congregation (now Dicastery) for Promoting Christian Unity released a document that spoke of a “permanent reality of the Jewish people.” 

Drawing extensively from a 1982 speech by St. John Paul II, the document notes that Jews and Christians are “linked together at the very level of their identity”; the document said that an “awareness of the faith and religious life of the Jewish people as they are professed and practiced still today can greatly help us to understand better certain aspects of the life of the Church.”

And in a 1988 document, the U.S. bishops went a step further by explicitly encouraging Catholics to reverently take part in Holocaust (Shoah) memorials and even in Passover Seders, citing the “educational and spiritual value” of doing so. 

The bishops warned, however, against attempting to “baptize” the Seder by ending it with New Testament readings about the Last Supper “or, worse, turn it into a prologue to the Eucharist.”

“Such mergings distort both traditions,” the bishops wrote, saying that any attempt by Christians to participate in Passover celebrations should be done to “acknowledge common roots in the history of salvation.” The tradition of the Seder “truly belongs” to the Jews, however, whereas the Christian celebration of the Triduum is the appropriate “annual memorial of the events of Jesus’ dying and rising.”

Popular works published in recent years such as Brant Pitre’s “Jesus and the Jewish Roots of the Eucharist” and Scott Hahn’s “The Fourth Cup” have contributed to many Catholics’ understanding of the Jewish roots of the Catholic faith and the Eucharist in particular.

Association of Hebrew Catholics Director of Theology Lawrence Feingold. Credit: "The Journey Home"/EWTN screenshot

Lawrence Feingold, a former agnostic who converted to Catholicism in 1989 and today serves as director of theology for the AHC, told EWTN’s “The Journey Home” in 2019 that he was estranged from his Jewish upbringing for many years; only after he became Catholic did he begin to connect back to his Jewish faith and become interested in preserving and practicing it.

“It’s so tragic that it’s so often understood as an either/or,” Feingold said, referring to the way many people view Jewish and Catholic identity.

“Whereas for us [Feingold and his wife, Marsha], becoming Catholic opened up the way to the Old Testament,” he continued, saying that after he and Marsha became Catholic, they lived for a time in Jerusalem to learn Hebrew, with the Church of the Holy Sepulcher — the traditional site of Jesus’ resurrection — as their “home parish.” Feingold said he views God’s calling and preparation of the Jewish people the work of “the ultimate artist.”

“You can’t do the perfect thing without perfectly preparing. And the perfect thing is that God became man … and he’s got to prepare for it. And he prepares it in a properly human way by calling a people in which he’s going to become man, and forming that people with all of their particularity … so that he can become man in them.”

*Facing antisemitism*

Jewish organizations have sounded the alarm in recent years over an apparent rise in antisemitic incidents and attitudes, especially since the start of the Israel-Hamas war in October 2023. The American Jewish Committee, in a February report examining all of 2024, reported that 77% of American Jews say they feel less safe as a Jewish person in the U.S. following Hamas’ attacks and their aftermath. 

The Catholic bishops of the United States, as a body, have condemned in recent years what they call a “reemergence of antisemitism in new forms.” In a statement released before the start of the current Israel-Hamas conflict, the bishops called on Christians to join them in opposing acts of antisemitism and reminding the faithful of Christianity’s shared heritage with Judaism. Individual bishops have also spoken out.

Moss commented that he has encountered antisemitic attitudes among fellow Catholics over the years, particularly from those who criticized his stance that one can be a fully observant Catholic while still practicing Jewish traditions — though rarely could any of those Catholic critics provide any official Church teaching to support their claims, Moss said.

He emphasized the need for Catholics to study the Old Testament to fully understand God’s plan of salvation and address misconceptions about Jewish-Catholic identity.

“One of the things that all Catholics should do is read the Old Testament as well as the New, and get commentaries that treat the Old Testament seriously with lessons for us today, with lessons that Christ himself built on to preach his message,” Moss said. 

For example, “Jesus didn’t come up with a new set of Ten Commandments. They were already in existence. He didn’t come up with the notions of mercy and love. They were already there in the Old Testament.”

Moss, in his mid-80s, said he is on the search for his successor to lead the AHC. Meanwhile, the organization continues to grow slowly, working within the Church’s framework while advocating for the recognition and integration of Jewish traditions in Catholic practice — above all, encouraging Jews who become Catholics not to lose their identity. 

After all, Moss concluded, the New Covenant is the means of salvation, but the Old Covenant has never passed away.

“[Jewish converts] can do everything a Catholic does, but they have their own traditions as well, and they shouldn’t have to give them up,” he said.