Duluth, in the far northern reaches of the United States, is known for snowy winters and powerful winds coming off the Lake Superior, but is starting to make a name for itself as a refuge for those fleeing the effects of climate change.
Californian John Jenkins left his native Golden State for this Midwestern city of 86,000 close to a decade ago.
"The air smells cleaner.
The water is some of the best water in the world," he tells AFP.
"I love it here, I have no regrets.
This is my home," says Christina Welch, who moved out of California in 2019 in order to escape from wildfires.